Where is Bosnia and Herzegovina ?
Bosnia and Herzegovina which is officially known as the Federal Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, is a country situated in the Southeastern Europe, which is part of the Balkan Peninsula. The country is the direct legal successor of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
What is the capital of the country Bosnia and Herzegovina ?
The capital of the country Bosnia and Herzegovina is Sarajevo, which is also the largest city and has a population of more than 400,000 people. The city, famous for its religious and cultural diversity, is well-known for being the country’s most important and biggest economic center.
Which countries share borders with Bosnia and Herzegovina ?
Bosnia and Herzegovina is surrounded by Croatia to the west, north, and south and by Serbia and Montenegro to the east and southeast, respectively. Though most part of the country is landlocked, there still is a twenty-kilometer (or 12 miles) coastline to its west along the Adriatic Sea, which also surrounds the city known as Neum.
What is the area and population of Bosnia and Herzegovina ?
Bosnia and Herzegovina covers a total area of 19,741 square miles, making it the 127th-largest country by area in the world. As of the year 2014, it has a population of 3,871,643.
What is the history of the formation of Bosnia and Herzegovina ?
Bosnia and Herzegovina used to be conquered by Ottoman Empire during the latter half of the fifteenth century. However, in 1978 at the Congress of Berlin, Austria-Hungary was commanded to seize and govern the country, which was then called as Yugoslavia.
After the World War II, it became Federal Peoples Republic of Yugoslavia where Bosnia was an independent republic in it.
After the disintegration of the country Yugoslavia, the country (Bosnia and Herzegovina) was declared independent in the year 1992, after which the Bosnian War followed lasting till late 1995.
What are the main ethnic groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina ?
The three ethnic groups of the country are Bosniaks, Serbs, and Croats which constitute more than 95% population of the country. The three ethnic groups have been explicitly recognized in the constitution such that neither of these are an immigrant or a minority. However, another thing that is important here is that the constitution doesn’t provide any equality to the members of other groups like the minority or the mixed offspring.
What are the political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina ?
Bosnia and Herzegovina’s political divisions were established by the ‘Dayton Agreement’. The agreement recognizes a government in Bosnia and Herzegovina which comprises of two entities, namely, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (which includes Bosniaks and Croats) and Republika Srpska (which includes the Serbs), each of whom preside over approximately one half of the country’s territory. All the three ethnic groups now have equal constitutional status.
What is the currency used in Bosnia and Herzegovina ?
The official currency of Bosnia and Herzegovina is the Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark (known as konvertibilna marka in Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian). The currency is further segregated in 100 fenings (known as feninga in Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian Latin). It is abbreviated as KM.
What is the official language of Bosnia and Herzegovina ?
The official languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina are Bosnian, Serbian, and Croatian which are all mutually comprehensible.
What are the religions being practiced in Bosnia and Herzegovina ?
The country of Bosnia and Herzegovina is dominated by the Muslim community (Islam) which comprise of 48.8% of the total population, followed by the Serbian Orthodox and Roman Catholics constituting 31.5% and 13.1% of the total, respectively.
What is the economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina like ?
The country possesses a transitional economy with only limited market reforms. It relies massively on metal export along with foreign aid remittances.
Bosnia and Herzegovina is world renowned for its cultural heritage and natural beauty. The various cuisines, diverse winter sports, eclectic music, intelligent architecture, and the festivals are one of the largest and also the most prominent of their kinds in Southeastern Europe.
The country has a high life expectancy, literacy, and education levels. The biggest contributor to the economy of the Bosnia and Herzegovina is its business from the Tourism sector. It is one of the most visited countries in Europe and estimated to possess the third highest growth rate in the tourism sector across the globe between 1995 & 2020. The city of Sarajevo, which is enriched with religious, historical and cultural aspects, has time and again been constantly ranked at the top for being one of the major tourism hubs not only in the country, but across the world.
Other main industries of the economy are vehicles, tobacco products, textiles, furniture, aircraft, tanks, oil refining, domestic appliances, and metals (coal, manganese, steel, lead, iron ore, bauxite, and zinc).
However, a decentralized government restricts the economic policy coordination and reform, whereas the exorbitant bureaucracy and segmented market hinder the foreign investment.
