Somalia or
“Somaliland” was under powerful British occupation until 1960, after which it joined the Italian
Somaliland to form the present Somalia Republican nation. Located on the Horn of Eastern Africa, Djibouti surrounds the country in the northwestern part, while its southeastern part is bordered by Kenya. The northern frontier of
Somalia is protected by the Yemen and the Gulf of Aden. Ethiopia along with the Indian Ocean constitutes the western border of this African region.
Ever since its inception,
Somalia had been inhabited by people belonging to diverse racial clans like the Oromo. However, the native Somalians comprise the majority of the then population as the original residents of the land for the past 2,500 years. As an important African port city, the significance of
Somalia has enhanced million fold through extensive trading activities with nations like Greece and Rome as early as the1st
century. Moreover, the country had been under the rule of several monarchs and invaders like Aksum Kingdom (3rd -7th century), the Adal Sultans in 1201 A.D.-1500 A.D., the Sultanate of Ajuuraan (14th to 17th centuries), etc. The country also underwent the colonial expansion policies of a handful of foreign nations like Italy, Great Britain and France.
Somalia on African Mainland experiences a hot climate all round the year, characterized by occasional monsoons and frequent droughts. The mean highest daily temperature of the land varies between 30°C to 40°C, of course with exceptions in certain regions.
Somalia is also a country that undergoes maximum natural calamities. In fact, the Indian Ocean earthquake in 2004, heavy rainfall, extensive flood and the deadly Tsunamis affected the country severely and recurrently in the recent decade.
Until 1991,
Somalia was devoid of any effective government on national level. The present government in the country is of Transitional Federal type, exercising full legal control over the southern parts. In fact, the efficient operations of the Somalia government have succeeded in bringing peace, harmony and political stability on the land, after long stretches of turmoil, unrest and upheavals.
The national economy of
Somalia is largely dependent upon the earnings that come mainly from the agricultural sectors, raising of livestock and export industries. The Somali speaking population with their extensive school and university education, make use of their knowledge in enhancing the industrial activities for bringing in more money to the national exchequer.
Finally, it is a handful of cultural activities in
Somalia that contribute immensely in bringing the nation to international limelight. Together with exclusive cuisines, literary works and traditional band music of the land,
Somalia has already began its journey in becoming one of the most recognized and affluent nations in the world political scenario.
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