Demographically, the ‘human sex’ ratio, or ‘gender’ ratio, is a term which refers to the population ratio of females to males. Higher female fetal mortality, rising fertility issues, and more women deciding not to procreate, are few reasons why female population is considered to differ from the male population. However, there are many ongoing debates that it might not be true, as in many countries, females outnumber males.
In countries where there are more women, income disparity is quite noticeable, which also affects the economy. Woman have been fighting for equal pay or equal rights for many years, yet in several nations women are not paid as much as the male employees.
The earnings of women also tend to decline with age, especially when they feel the need to create a balance between work and family life, thus spending lesser hours at work or leaving work entirely. The country where female population is highest is Curacao, with its percentage being 54.2% of total population. Many other nations including Latvia, Hong Kong, Lithuania, Ukraine, Belarus, Russia, Croatia and Spain also have more women than men.
Many countries where the male population is higher than the female popular observe problems such as homicide and violence at higher levels.
Some of these nations have a gender Imbalance because of gender-selective abortions and/or mass migration. The immigration laws in countries like UAE and Qatar are strict for women and its tougher for them to apply for work visas. Qatar has the smallest female population, and the percentage is only 24.9. Many middle-eastern countries, like United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain and Oman also rank at the bottom.
Human sex ratio is also impacted with exposure to pesticides and environmental contaminants, wars, infanticides and aging.
Countries with increasing gender gaps need to pay attention to curbing the issue as it will have a major impact on the future of their nation.
Below is World Bank data, depicting female population percentage as per total population, for the year 2017.
Country | 2017 (%age) |
Curacao | 54.2 |
Latvia | 54.1 |
Hong Kong | 54 |
Lithuania | 53.9 |
Ukraine | 53.8 |
Belarus | 53.5 |
Russia | 53.5 |
Estonia | 53.1 |
Armenia | 53 |
El Salvador | 53 |
Portugal | 52.7 |
Aruba | 52.5 |
Hungary | 52.4 |
Georgia | 52.3 |
United States Virgin Islands | 52.3 |
Barbados | 52.1 |
Antigua and Barbuda | 52 |
Macao | 52 |
Moldova | 52 |
Angola | 52 |
Rwanda | 52 |
Spain | 52 |
Austria | 52 |
Bahamas | 52 |
St. Lucia | 52 |
Puerto Rico | 51.9 |
Sri Lanka | 51.9 |
Croatia | 51.8 |
Uruguay | 51.7 |
Poland | 51.7 |
Romania | 51.6 |
Kazakhstan | 51.6 |
Swaziland | 51.6 |
Nepal | 51.5 |
Namibia | 51.4 |
Slovakia | 51.4 |
Bulgaria | 51.4 |
Lesotho | 51.4 |
Italy | 51.3 |
Zimbabwe | 51.3 |
Myanmar | 51.2 |
Mozambique | 51.2 |
Japan | 51.2 |
Cambodia | 51.2 |
Thailand | 51.2 |
Argentina | 51.1 |
North Korea | 51.1 |
Serbia | 51.1 |
Brazil | 50.9 |
Senegal | 50.9 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 50.9 |
South Africa | 50.9 |
Germany | 50.8 |
Turkmenistan | 50.8 |
Greece | 50.8 |
Guatemala | 50.8 |
Burundi | 50.8 |
Guinea-Bissau | 50.8 |
Colombia | 50.8 |
New Zealand | 50.8 |
France | 50.8 |
Czech Republic | 50.8 |
United Kingdom | 50.7 |
Montenegro | 50.7 |
Central African Republic | 50.7 |
Belgium | 50.7 |
Kiribati | 50.7 |
Nicaragua | 50.7 |
Seychelles | 50.7 |
Finland | 50.7 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 50.7 |
Turkey | 50.7 |
Haiti | 50.6 |
Botswana | 50.6 |
Singapore | 50.6 |
Tunisia | 50.6 |
Switzerland | 50.5 |
Malawi | 50.5 |
Chile | 50.5 |
Morocco | 50.5 |
Sierra Leone | 50.5 |
Gambia | 50.5 |
United States of America | 50.5 |
Vietnam | 50.5 |
Mongolia | 50.5 |
Mauritius | 50.5 |
Tanzania | 50.5 |
Zambia | 50.4 |
Canada | 50.4 |
Channel Islands | 50.4 |
Ireland | 50.4 |
Kyrgyzstan | 50.4 |
Uganda | 50.3 |
Venezuela | 50.3 |
Denmark | 50.3 |
Kenya | 50.3 |
Israel | 50.3 |
Slovenia | 50.3 |
Uzbekistan | 50.2 |
Togo | 50.2 |
Cabo Verde | 50.2 |
Ghana | 50.2 |
Australia | 50.2 |
Somalia | 50.2 |
Azerbaijan | 50.2 |
Sao Tome and Principe | 50.2 |
Dominican Republic | 50.2 |
Mexico | 50.2 |
Belize | 50.2 |
Jamaica | 50.2 |
Netherlands | 50.2 |
Peru | 50.1 |
Ethiopia | 50.1 |
Democratic Republic of the Congo | 50.1 |
Laos | 50.1 |
Benin | 50.1 |
Burkina Faso | 50.1 |
Madagascar | 50.1 |
Honduras | 50.1 |
Cameroon | 50 |
Sweden | 50 |
Mali | 50 |
South Korea | 50 |
Congo Republic | 50 |
Cuba | 50 |
Costa Rica | 50 |
Macedonia | 50 |
Ecuador | 50 |
Sudan | 50 |
Niger | 49.9 |
Guinea | 49.9 |
Panama | 49.9 |
South Sudan | 49.9 |
Bolivia | 49.9 |
Cyprus | 49.9 |
Chad | 49.9 |
Tajikistan | 49.8 |
Malta | 49.8 |
Grenada | 49.8 |
Suriname | 49.8 |
Djibouti | 49.8 |
Iceland | 49.8 |
Tonga | 49.8 |
Lebanon | 49.8 |
Indonesia | 49.7 |
Philippines | 49.7 |
Iran | 49.7 |
Luxembourg | 49.7 |
Comoros | 49.6 |
St. Vincent and the Grenadines | 49.6 |
Bangladesh | 49.6 |
Libya | 49.6 |
Mauritania | 49.6 |
New Caledonia | 49.6 |
Syria | 49.5 |
Yemen | 49.5 |
Algeria | 49.5 |
Guyana | 49.5 |
Albania | 49.5 |
Norway | 49.5 |
Liberia | 49.5 |
Jordan | 49.4 |
Guam | 49.4 |
Iraq | 49.4 |
Vanuatu | 49.4 |
Egypt | 49.4 |
Paraguay | 49.3 |
Palestinian | 49.3 |
Nigeria | 49.3 |
Cote d’Ivoire | 49.3 |
Solomon Islands | 49.2 |
Timor-Leste | 49.2 |
Fiji | 49.2 |
French Polynesia | 49.1 |
Papua New Guinea | 49.1 |
Federated States of Micronesia | 48.7 |
Pakistan | 48.6 |
Gabon | 48.6 |
Afghanistan | 48.5 |
China | 48.5 |
Brunei Darussalam | 48.5 |
Malaysia | 48.4 |
Samoa | 48.4 |
India | 48.2 |
Bhutan | 46.9 |
Equatorial Guinea | 44.6 |
Maldives | 43.1 |
Saudi Arabia | 42.9 |
Kuwait | 42.6 |
Bahrain | 37.3 |
Oman | 34.2 |
United Arab Emirates | 27.6 |
Qatar | 24.9 |
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