Education

What countries have the most women teachers in secondary education?



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Since the early 20th century, education has been considered a basic human right for all children. The  Convention on the Rights of the Child, states that primary education should be free and compulsory, while various levels of secondary education, including general and vocational education, should be made available and accessible to each and every child. While the systems in place and the terminologies vary across countries, each nation aims to conform the international norms and work on the guidelines of  Sustainable Development Goal 4. Although, there has been an enormous improvement in the percentage rate of education, the Sustainable Development Goal 4 aims at providing quality education by ensuring inclusive and equitable education and promote lifelong learning opportunities.

To prepare the younger generation, for a rapidly changing world,  UNESCO places importance on secondary-level education system to be reoriented into a broad range of life-skills learning. The keys skills should be inclusive of  generic competencies, non-occupation-specific capabilities that are practical in nature, the ability to learn independently, coordinate in teams, entrepreneurship and civic responsibility. Investment in secondary education also aids in eradication of poverty and social ills that enhance physical and cognitive growth. Social phenomenon like social cohesion as well as equitable distribution of resources, can also be channeled judiciously through attainment of higher levels of education.

Agenda 2030, also places the target of substantially increasing the supply of qualified teachers through international cooperation for teacher training in developing countries and least developed countries. It places qualified teachers at the core of the agenda and states it to be the only means to attaining the target. But the lack of trained and qualified teachers has led to a delay in the global attainment of such a measure. Per UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), the world will soon be facing a shortage of qualified teachers. Acting as a major obstacle, the  acute shortage would hinder the global prosperity and advancement towards eradication of illiteracy. The UIS, also reports for a need of 44.4 million secondary school teachers to be recruited by 2030. The scarcity can be witnessed largely in sub-Saharan Africa, with 70% of the countries lacking primary school teachers and 90% of countries facing shortage of secondary school teachers.

In the backdrop of the global absence of quality teachers, the  International Task Force on Teachers, also known as  The Teachers Task Force, was conceptualized in 2008. Upon agreement in the  Oslo Declaration, a voluntary global alliance was formed which brought together  government, intergovernmental organizations, non-governmental organizations, international development agencies, civil society organizations, private sector organizations and UN agencies,  under one umbrella to address the issue of ‘Teacher Gap’  in various institutions across the world. The task force was also responsible for the implementation and monitoring of the SDG target 4.c, to achieve and pursue the Education 2030 targets and commitments.


Of the total percentage of teachers,  women  are largely predominant accounting for 85% of the total figure. In secondary school, including both lower secondary and upper secondary levels, there are a total of 3.6 million teachers, of which  64%  are females. The dominance of  female teachers  is the highest in the  European Union Member States, reaching almost  90% in Lithuania, Hungary, Slovenia and Italy.  The population of women teachers are those women whose professional activity is student instruction, involving the delivery of lessons to students.

Below given table mentions the percentage rate of women teachers in secondary education:

Country Percentage of women teachers in secondary education Year
Afghanistan 31.9 2017
Albania 65.92 2017
Andorra 61.9 2017
Angola 29.08 2016
Antigua and Barbuda 72.9 2015
Aruba 59.28 2012
Austria 65.36 2016
Azerbaijan 73.12 2017
Bahamas 70.55 2016
Bahrain 57.18 2017
Bangladesh 22.01 2017
Barbados 65.27 2017
Belarus 79.85 2017
Belgium 63.01 2016
Belize 62.6 2016
Benin 9.95 2016
Bermuda 67.41 2017
Bhutan 41.79 2017
Bolivia 52.32 2017
Bosnia and Herzegovina 61.14 2017
Brazil 64.26 2016
British Virgin Islands 67.18 2017
Brunei Darussalam 68.61 2017
Bulgaria 78.59 2016
Burkina Faso 16.98 2017
Burundi 25.91 2017
Cameroon 34.8 2016
Cabo Verde 46.53 2017
Cayman Islands 67.82 2018
Central African Republic 46.82 2017
Chad 6.38 2012
Chile 59.91 2015
China 53.62 2017
Hong Kong 56.22 2017
Macao 58.41 2017
Colombia 51.08 2017
Comoros 8.81 2017
Congo 9.19 2012
Cook Islands 57.94 2016
Costa Rica 57.43 2016
Côte d’Ivoire 16.22 2017
Croatia 69.79 2016
Cuba 63.7 2017
Cyprus 65.73 2016
North Korea 39.82 2018
Democratic Republic of the Congo 12.46 2015
Denmark 56.36 2014
Djibouti 26.44 2017
Dominica 72.84 2016
Dominican Republic 68.34 2015
Ecuador 57.38 2017
Egypt 46.69 2017
El Salvador 54.57 2017
Eritrea 22.21 2017
Estonia 76.08 2016
Eswatini 49.5 2016
Ethiopia 24.27 2012
Fiji 57.49 2012
Finland 66.57 2016
Gambia 18.62 2017
Georgia 79.83 2017
Germany 62.83 2016
Ghana 24.81 2017
Gibraltar 64.63 2017
Greece 60.42 2016
Grenada 64.89 2017
Guatemala 48.07 2016
Guyana 70.91 2012
Honduras 59.31 2018
Hungary 70.29 2017
India 43.29 2017
Indonesia 54.65 2018
Iran 54.64 2016
Italy 68.61 2017
Jamaica 70.97 2018
Jordan 58.5 2018
Kazakhstan 77.15 2018
Kenya 42.18 2015
Kuwait 55.81 2016
Kyrgyzstan 76.5 2016
Laos 50.87 2017
Latvia 82.62 2016
Lebanon 68.15 2017
Lesotho 55.46 2017
Liberia 4.77 2016
Liechtenstein 53.98 2016
Lithuania 81.5 2016
Luxembourg 53.82 2016
Madagascar 43.12 2017
Malawi 22.94 2017
Malaysia 66.83 2017
Mali 13.54 2017
Malta 65.39 2016
Mauritania 11.38 2017
Mauritius 58.01 2017
Mexico 49.62 2012
Monaco 58.1 2017
Mongolia 72.78 2017
Montserrat 63.89 2017
Morocco 36.26 2017
Mozambique 31.33 2017
Myanmar 86.45 2017
Namibia 53.71 2017
Nauru 50 2016
Nepal 22.95 2017
Netherlands 52.56 2017
New Zealand 63.09 2017
Niger 21.6 2018
Niue 56.52 2016
Norway 62.85 2017
Oman 68.03 2018
Pakistan 61.29 2017
Palestine 52.36 2017
Panama 59.23 2016
Papua New Guinea 38.07 2016
Peru 44.75 2017
Philippines 73.18 2016
Poland 69.35 2016
Portugal 70.27 2016
Qatar 53.32 2017
South Korea 59.49 2016
Moldova 78.85 2017
Réunion 71.34 2016
Rwanda 30.88 2017
Saint Kitts and Nevis 69.45 2016
Saint Lucia 71.96 2017
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 67.61 2017
Samoa 56.99 2016
Sao Tome and Principe 32.59 2016
Saudi Arabia 50.83 2014
Senegal 26.92 2017
Serbia 65.39 2017
Seychelles 60.97 2016
Sierra Leone 14.49 2016
Singapore 64.94 2016
Sint Maarten 57.82 2014
Slovakia 74.39 2015
Slovenia 74.01 2016
Solomon Islands 32.61 2015
South Africa 57.96 2016
South Sudan 12.71 2017
Spain 57.37 2017
Suriname 73.09 2015
Sweden 64.23 2017
Switzerland 49.25 2017
Thailand 63.72 2018
Macedonia 58.79 2016
Tonga 57.73 2016
Turkey 50.15 2016
Turks and Caicos Islands 60.48 2016
Tuvalu 55.97 2016
Uganda 23.67 2015
Ukraine 80.48 2017
United Arab Emirates 67.94 2016
United Kingdom 62.63 2016
Tanzania 34.84 2018
United States of America 62.01 2015
Uzbekistan 60.16 2018
Vanuatu 41.6 2016
Zimbabwe 45.72 2013

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