When:
September 26 – November 11, 1918
Where:
Argonne Forest, France – Western Front
Who:
Allied Powers – France
Associated Powers – USA
Central Powers – German Empire
Summary:
The Battle of the Argonne Forest was part of the Meuse-Argonne Offensive planned by General Ferdinand Foch.
The offensive called for a three-pronged attack on the Germans at the Western Front. While the BEF and the French Army would attack the German lines at Flanders, the British forces would take on the German troops at Cambrai and the AEF, supported by the French Army, were to fight the German troops at the Argonne Forest.
General John Pershing led the AEF at the Battle of the Argonne Forest while General Henri Gouraud led the French Fourth Army. The attack was launched on September 26, 1918. The combined attack was a success, with the French Fourth Army capturing over five miles of enemy territory and the Americans moving ahead by two miles. By October, the relatively inexperienced American troops needed reinforcements and hence the battle was halted temporarily.
The battle commenced again on October 4, 1918. The attack on the Germans was a commendable one with the Americans making a ten mile inroad by October 17. The French Army had covered over twenty miles of enemy territory and had reached the banks of the Aisne River.
On November 6, 1918, the Allied troops reached Sedan and the American Army halted allowing the French troops to take the city. The armies continued to advance till the end of World War I on November 11, 1918.
Outcome:
The casualties recorded by the Americans at the Battle of Argonne Forest totaled 117,000, while the French lost 70,000 men and the Germans 100,000 soldiers. The battle was known for the Lost Battalion – 500 soldiers of the Seventy-seventh Division, who fought a brave battle between Bois d’Apremont and Charlevaux against impossible odds. Only about two hundred of them survived the battle.
Major Battles of World War I |
| Battle of Mons – 1914 | Battle of Fler- Courcelette – 1916 |
| Battle of Tannenberg – 1914 | Battles of Gaza – 1917 |
| Battle of Heligoland Bight – 1914 | Second Battle of Aisne – 1917 |
| First Battle of Marne – 1914 | Second Battle of Arras – 1917 |
| First Battle of the Masurian Lakes – 1914 | Battle of Messines – 1917 |
| First Battle of Aisne – 1914 | Battle of Passchendaele – 1917 |
| First Battle of Albert – 1914 | Battle of Caporetto – 1917 |
| First Battle of Arras – 1914 | Battle of Cambrai – 1917 |
| First Battle of Ypres – 1914 | German Spring Offensive – 1918 |
| Gallipoli Campaign – 1915 | Hundred Days Offensive – 1918 |
| Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes – 1915 | Battle of Le Hamel – 1918 |
| Battles of Isonzo – 1915 | Second Battle of Somme – 1918 |
| Loos-Artois Offensive – 1915 | Second Battle of Marne – 1918 |
| Battle of Verdun – 1916 | Battle of St Mihiel – 1918 |
| Battle of Jutland – 1916 | Battle of the Argonne Forest – 1918 |
| First Battle of Somme – 1916 | Battle of Vittori Veneto – 1918 |