INTRODUCTION
Bosnia and Herzegovina, also known as Bosnia, was initially a Republic of former Yugoslavia.
The country passed a referendum for independence on 3 March 1992, when a Serb republic was formed in Serb-concentrated areas of Bosnia. The Serb opposition to the referendum was soon followed by violent clashes where thousands lost their lives. These conflicts finally came to an end only in February 1996, the year which also saw the capital Sarajevo being united after remaining divided for four years.
Location of Bosnia & Herzegovina
The country of Bosnia and Herzegovina is still divided geographically into a northern region of Bosnia and a southern region of Herzegovina. The country is bound on the north and west by Croatia and on the east and south by the republic of Serbia and Montenegro.
Flora And Fauna of Bosnia & Herzegovina
Bosnia, with a rich stock of natural resources, has large tracts of fertile land and deep forests. The main natural vegetation consists mainly of Beech forests. The fauna of Bosnia includes hares, lynxes,
weasels, otters, foxes, wildcats, wolves, gray bears,
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chamois, deer, eagles, vultures, mouflon (wild sheep), and hawks. Some endangered species like Lynxes, weasels, and otters are also found here.
Physical Map of Bosnia & Herzegovina
Bosnia is a mountainous country, where the extensions of the Dinaric Alps, bordering Bosnia in the west, pass through the western and southern parts of the country. The highest peak is Mount Maglic, measuring 7,831 ft, along the border with Serbia and Montenegro. The northern part of Bosnia is made up of mainly forests, while the southern part has fertile soil. The country's principal rivers include the Bosna, the Sava, which flows along the northern frontier, and the Sava's tributaries, the Una, Drina, and Vrbas. Only a few rivers, notably the Neretva, flow toward the Adriatic Sea, where Bosnia has 20 km of coastline.
Climate of Bosnia & Herzegovina
While the south of Bosnia has a Mediterranean climate, with sunny, warm summers and mild, rainy winters, the north experiences continental climate made up of warm summers and cold winters. At
higher elevations, short, cool summers and long, severe winters with snow are common.
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